Demand for Part-Time Job of Students Today

In recent years, part-time job has become a popular demand of students. The part-time job has brought many benefits for students regardless of gender and do not require professional qualifications. Students are quite sensitive subjects who are both healthy and active, easy to absorb new and practical issues. For students, in the learning process, the amount of theoretical knowledge is quite large, in order to turn that knowledge into their own knowledge, it requires the learners to have a process of intensive training and study as well as to be flexible in practical application. The part-time job is a practical opportunity for students to apply what they have learned in practice. The ultimate goal of students is to have a good job according to their own will after graduation.


INTRODUCTION
New types of jobs are appearing more and more, enabling students to conveniently select part-time jobs suitable to their conditions and school hours. A number of interesting new part-time jobs bring experiences and help students earn a certain amount of income in life. Experiences and skills from part-time jobs give students an advantage when applying for jobs and during work after graduation.
In recent years, many problems have arisen from the actual part-time work of students, such as students who work part-time have their wages cut, were beaten or murdered. Many dangers in the process of working part-time and the effects of part-time work on students' study are still issues that need to be recognized and considered to give measures to assist young people in part-time jobs or orient them to choose suitable jobs, improving their learning capacity.
The survey focused on three schools: Hanoi University of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Natural Sciences, Union University with a total of 500 students. In which, group of students participated in a part-time job (71.4%); group of students were currently not working parttime jobs (28.6%). This shows that the majority of students are currently working part time while they are still in school. In the survey, the students who worked part-time after school hours focused on the first, second and thirdyear students. The number of students in the first year and the fourth year is not small, but because the first-year stu-⋆ Corresponding author. † Email: ngaht@dhcd.edu.vn dents are still confused and concentration of study is high. The fourth-year students are preparing graduation report and trying to complete the subjects that they own so they spend more time studying. Exams and courses are also more concentrated in the fourth year of university. Therefore, the subject of students was surveyed on the issue of part-time work varies between student groups. According to the survey results, students who work parttime from the second year account for the highest proportion (35%); students taking part-time jobs from the first year and the third year are equal (31%). As a result, students who work part-time most often in the second year, and the lowest proportion is the fourth year. It can be seen that this difference is due to the training and learning process of students. From the first year to third year, students' study program is not heavy, so students can allocate and actively arrange time to study and work part-time. Figure 1 The highest percentage is students choosing business and trading via internet and social networks (44.2%). Next is advertising, marketing and distributing leaflets (27.5%). Motorbike taxi, shipper (transportation of passenger, cargo) accounts for (27.3%). In addition, there are also many other part-time jobs such as service jobs, tutors, collaborators, counselor and supporter via call center, etc. or jobs in the arts field suitable for students. Figure 2 The above Table 2 shows that, when choosing a parttime job, students tend to choose any legal jobs, as long as they have income (44.3%). Most students studying at schools often live far away from their families, they have to take care of their own life, and the living demands are increasing day by day, such as accommodation costs, meals, travel, books and documents. The majority of students are children of families in rural and remote areas, the family's economic life still faces many difficulties, so the support for their children is limited. As the result, students are forced to work part-time to pay for daily living expenses to reduce the economic burden on their families. So, students often prefer high-income jobs (26%). Students prioritize taking part-time jobs close to their field of study (14.5%) and the jobs that they are passionate about (15.2%). Thus, when students choose the part-time jobs, their first priority is a legal and income-based job, then they will choose jobs that are useful for their field of study, and jobs that they are passionate about, so it will be easy for them during the work Spending extra 15-20 hours/week on part-time jobs will make students very busy if they cannot arrange time effectively. It is obvious that developing early time management skills not only helps students solve this problem but also brings countless benefits to their future careers. Table 1 The most appreciated benefit that students gain when working part-time is to strengthen and improve communication and behavior skills (43.6%). Making money from part-time jobs (41.2%) is very practical for students' life, with an additional income to help them afford living expenses, and reduce economic worries. The next benefit that part-time jobs give students is to broaden social relations (38.2%). During the part-time job, students are exposed and contacted with a lot of people, learn from them the knowledge, skills, useful ways of life to help improve themselves, build many good social relationships. Improving qualifications and training skills in the field of study (33.2%) for the purpose of facilitating future work and in accordance with the major being studied, a number of students has chosen a part-time job that is or is closest to their field of study to train and improve their knowledge, creating a premise for later job to be more convenient and developing. In addition to the above benefits, part-time jobs also help students accumulate more experience in solving problems in work practice or in real life (28.6%). Using free time effectively and without wasting is to work part-time in this free time (22.4%). Physical health training (10.4%) is also a benefit of working part-time, helps them be more active and exercise more. Besides, using the free time to work part-time is a useful, effective time-saving way to generate income for their needs. In addition to the benefits gained in part-time jobs, students also face many difficulties affecting their spiritual life and health. Along with that are the impact factors from family, school, class, etc. to the students' part-time work. Through the above data Table 1, the biggest difficulty in the part-time job is that students feel tired or exhausted after working part-time (47.6%). Arranging too much working time together with studying in school without rest time will lead to exhaustion and stress. Working with high intensity or too much pressure at work will affect health such as staying up late often, eating not on time, etc., so they will feel tired, exhausted after work. Feeling short of time for study and entertainment (38.8%). Many risks, unsafety (35%). Students are the labor force who are still in the process of learning and practicing, most of students working part-time are first-year and second-year students who just start with independent life, so their living experience or qualifications still do not meet the requirements of some jobs (26.8%). Students also have difficulty in getting a desired job because they just have to work and still have to go to school (26.6%). Thus, besides the benefits, the parttime jobs have brought difficulties and hardships for students, especially on health issues, which will greatly affect the learning or life of students.
The survey shows that students' academic results before and after working part-time have changed. The academic results are worse (53.8%), the academic results are unchanged (32.9%), the academic results are better (13.3%). Thus, after working part-time, the academic results of most students are worse because they have spent more time on part-time jobs, allocating time between studying and part-time job is not reasonable that affects academic results. In the course of part-time work, there are times when the working schedule overlaps with the class schedule. Specifically, the level of overlapping sometimes (40.3%), frequently (36.3%), never overlap (23.3%). When the schedules overlap, each student will have a choice and actively arrange accordingly.  When there is an overlap between class schedule and parttime work schedule, students choose to go to school and take a break from work (43.2%). With this choice, it can be seen that students have prioritized learning which the main and most important thing for them at that time. Besides, a number of students choose to take a break from school to work (29%). Some other students would choose to take several school breaks interlaced with several work breaks (28%). Although the choice of going to school and taking a break from work is the highest, but two other choices also account for high proportions. This will greatly affect the students' academic results.
Besides the benefits and the impact on academic results, part-time jobs also affect the morale and health of students. After part-time work, up to (35.5%) students feel tired and stressed. And there are also students who feel normal (40.3%), feel excited and relaxed (20.4%). Part-time jobs have become a trend of students in recent years, the student force participating in business activities while still sitting in the lecture hall accounts for a high proportion. However, for students, the main job is learning and the part-time work always has a two-way impact, giving students the advantages but also many negative effects. So, there are many points of view around students' part-time jobs. In particular, the point of view that doing part-time jobs close to the field of study can bring more practical knowledge receives a lot of agreement from students (69.8%), learning combined with practicing will bring higher results, this is one of the most practical ways for students to draw lessons for themselves. Followed by the point of view that students need to find a part-time job to improve their skills that accounts for (52%) of agreement. When working part-time, students have the opportunity to acquire new knowledge, learn, practice and cultivate communication skills, foreign languages, information technology, ability to be confident in front of the crowd, etc. that are applied in practice. This is one of the advantages that students get in the part-time job. Doing part-time jobs gives students an advantage over other students (37.2%).
In fact, for those who have worked part-time since they were students, they have an advantage in the process of job application because they have accumulated experience and could immediately apply knowledge into practice. Along with that is the point of view that part-time jobs will adversely affect student's academic results (28.4%) and disagree (43.6%). The points of view of just need to make sure you are eligible to take the entire exams, it does not matter how often you go to class, or study to pass the subjects, it is necessary to get high scores also get an agreement of (under 31%), disagreement of (over 35%). So in this point of view, the agreement and disagreement are not too different. Currently, many people succeed in life without going to school, this point of view gets (26%) of agreement and (42%) of disagreement. Working part-time should not be encouraged in school gets (28%) of agreement and (24.4%) of disagreement. Through this, it can be seen that there are many opposite views about the part-time work of students, besides the points of view supporting the part-time jobs and the benefits of part-time jobs, there are also negative points of view about part-time jobs and the effects of part-times jobs on students.
In short, many students work part-time to earn money to cover their life, cultivate their skills and experience the jobs. Depending on their interests, abilities, goals or time, each person will choose a job that suits them. Currently, students are abundant labor force that are both healthy and have a certain level of qualifications and the cost of wages is not too high. Therefore, many enterprises and employers who have taken advantage of the use of the labor force, have facilitated both work and time to suit students and bring efficiency in work.

Conclusion
Most students take advantage of free time without having to go to school to work part-time. When working parttime, the time of part-time jobs will account for most of the free time, the average part-time job of students is from 4 hours to 6 hours/day, so they will not have much time for studying, playing and entertainment. With the specific characteristics of some part-time jobs, there will be many risks and unsafety for students, for example, working time is too late, or with the sales or service works, it is very easy to face risks that must be compensated with money, or the work of motorbike taxi driver, shipper is easily unsafe or has traffic accident, etc.
Thus, with the development of digital technology, it is convenient and easy for students to use electronic devices such as smartphones, laptops, computers, etc. to access and use social networks and internet to do business. This work also has the advantage of not having to rent a store with large costs, trading a variety of items such as clothes, cosmetics, souvenirs, food, etc. without too much capital, and the time is very flexible, etc. If they do not have enough capital to own themselves, students can register to be a sales collaborator in order to have more income and gain experience. This is one of the practical benefits for students, working part-time helps them gain more opportunities to interact and experience their communication and behavior skills to perfect and improve life skills, applying them in the working process and life later.
In general, working part-time is considered an effective method for students to gain experience as well as cover tuition and living expenses in the city. In our country, the rules to limit part-time jobs are not available and students can take the initiative in finding a nd p articipating i n a job that they desire. However, the fact that there is no regulation on part-time work of students in universities and there is no control or management from the school or family will put students in a situation where they got caught up in part-time jobs which have a negative impact on their study.