Local Authorities in the Implementation of Public Security Policies in Benin

Public security in Benin, once the prerogative of the central government, is undergoing a transformation with growing involvement of local authorities. In a decentralized context, territorial entities are called to play an active role in conflict prevention, risk management, and protection of populations. The question arises: how do they assume this role within the current regulatory and institutional framework ? This research, using a mixed-methods approach, offers a socio-anthropological analysis of this dynamic. It combines a critical examination of institutional mechanisms with interviews conducted among local actors. The study was carried out in municipalities of Couffo, Alibori, and Ouémé, with a purposive sample of 132 stakeholders. These areas illustrate diverse contexts: border zones exposed to transnational risks, sensitive urban neighborhoods, and rural municipalities facing land disputes or intercommunal tensions.The analysis highlights social perceptions of insecurity, local strategies  for co-producing security, and the structural limitations and political contingencies that hinder community responses. To frame this research, the study draws on the sociology of public action, socio-ecological resilience theory, and stakeholder policy analysis.Findings emphasize the need for   and inclusive security governance. Such governance should recognize local knowledge, integrate mechanisms for securing goods, services, and capital, and encourage active citizen participation. Ultimately, the study shows that decentralization reshapes public security in Benin, positioning local authorities as essential actors in building resilience and legitimacy in the face of complex risks.

Keywords: public safety, local authorities, local governance, co-construction, Benin