A Neuropharmacological Review of Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer is one of the most frequent diseases that affect nerve cells in various sections of the brain. Pathologically, it occurs due to intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and extracellular amyloid protein depositions that result in the obstruction of neural transmission, culminating in this neurodegenerative illness.  Additionally, food and nutrition are essential for developing and preventing Alzheimer's. The biomarker utilized for detecting the disease should be able to differentiate between different causes of dementia and detect it early. Use of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells shows to be a successful treatment for the condition mentioned.

The most common cause of dementia is Alzheimer's disease (AD), which involves the destruction of brain cells. There are three main hypotheses presented as a cause of AD: the cholinergic, tau and amyloid hypothesis. Additional risk factors include advancing age, genetics, head trauma, vascular illnesses, infections, and the environment in general. The two types of approved medications to treat AD (NMDA antagonists and cholinesterase inhibitors) are successful in treating the symptoms of AD, but are not cures or preventatives of the disease. Current AD research targets multiple processes, such as the aberrant tau protein metabolism, ?-amyloid, inflammatory response, and cholinergic and free radical damage, to find viable therapeutics capable of preventing or changing the progression of Alzheimer's disease. This review's purpose is to illustrate the pathway that leads to this condition and oncology treatment for it.