Treacher Collins Syndrome (TCS) and its Oromaxillofacial Features: A Review

Abstract

Treacher Collins Syndrome (TCS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder of craniofacial development.Major features of Treacher Collins Syndromeare midface hypoplasia, micrognathia, microtia, conductive hearing loss, and cleft palate.  It is named after E Treacher Collins who described the essential components of the condition in 1900.Incidence of this syndrome is approximately 1 in 40,000-70,000 live births and it affects both genders equally. It affects structures which are derivatives of first and second branchial arches. The most common manifestations of Treacher Collins Syndrome  are the antimongloid slanting of palpebral fissures, colobomas of lower eyelid, hypoplasia of zygoma and mandible; and a variety of ear abnormalities.